History of education in China will definitely leave this record: In 2010, China ushered in the development of the spring pre-school education.
Formally promulgated in July this year, "National long-term educational reform and Development Plan (2010-2020)", the first time a chapter separate pre-deployment, as the next eight years of education in the development of one of the tasks.
A month ago, Premier Wen inspected the site immediately after the two kindergartens Beijing hosted a State Council executive meeting to study the deployment of current development policies and measures to pre-school education.
December 1, the national pre-school television and telephone conference was held at the State Department Auditorium. State Councilor Liu Yandong attended the meeting and stressed: "The pre-school education to do this important livelihood projects implemented to run!"
The Chinese Government is actively promoting the development of action and pre-emphasis of pre-world trend showing a high degree of understanding and consistency.
This year 27 to 30 September, UNESCO organized the first World Conference of Early Childhood Care and Education held in Moscow. The theme of this conference is to build national wealth. From the "build national wealth," the highly look at pre-school education, is the idea of increasing international recognition.
According to the Chinese delegation attending the meeting, Beijing Normal University and East China Normal University Feng Xiaoxia Zhou Jing introduces two professors from the Moscow Conference of one of the strongest voices are: over-reliance on market early education is not a good choice, public into early childhood care and education should assume major responsibility.
Into the 21st century, UNESCO as "CRC", "World Declaration on Education for All" and the "Dakar Framework for Action" three global file based on the world situation of early childhood care and education, monitoring and evaluation, supervision States to accelerate the achievement of "expanding and improving early childhood, particularly the most vulnerable and disadvantaged children the full care and education" commitment.
After monitoring and evaluation, they found in the pre-school services to "private-based, market-oriented" countries, the poor often have to "choose" low prices, poor quality of the kindergarten, the result is that these children's learning and development will not only not improve and may even fail.
In the transition countries, education policy is often chosen because of an error in the direction of a serious consequences. Russia has in the last century 90's to the economy "shock therapy" at the same time a comprehensive early childhood education to the market, which led to the collapse of pre-school education system, a serious shortage of kindergartens.
Was also a period in China and Russia take a similar path. The last decade, the "education industry" under the auspices of the slogan, China also appeared to rule out pre-school education in the public service system, the hand over to the market approach. A large number of kindergartens have been closed down-run, to be auctioned; a large number of kindergarten teachers were forced off. Such as Shenzhen very good financial position of the SAR city, the Government spends a mere pre-school education only 50 million of funds. And extremely limited funds, not only failed to provide timely help, but rather icing on the cake, concentrated in the cities or towns, concentrated in a small number of powerful demonstration of human services in the Public Garden.
Education Finance Research Institute of Peking University in China bear the "cost accounting and financial supply of pre-school education," Dr. Song Yingquan the subject, published by the end of October this year, the latest report, "Supply, Quality and Equality - 25 counties from the three provinces of pre-investigation of the evidence" described his findings:
In Zhejiang, Anhui and Hebei provinces 25 districts, 11 counties have at least one town does not even have a kindergarten. Some counties in Anhui Province, more than half of the township or simply not Kindergarten.
Ningbo Institute of Education Miss Zhang Saiyuan in the selected Xiangshan data do, "County Early Childhood Resource rationalization study" found that both urban and rural areas of Financial Education Investment ratio, or the Public Garden, Private Garden kindergarten teachers employment, education, title, etc., the gap is quite large, the results led the rural disadvantaged preschool development difficult.
Pre-school education "to build national wealth" based on two fulcrum, a social rate of return, one is the human potential development. U.S. economist JefferySachs from the perspective of investment and output, confirmed the investment in early education has a very high return for the value of community, particularly countries in improving the quality of the population, reduce poverty, crime and other social problems, etc., play Early Social Development the effect of prevention, and for the country's future lay the foundation for human resource development.
Thus, the General Assembly in Moscow to discuss an important topic, that is, pre-public investment in the countries problems.
Many fast developing countries, experience has proved that economic regulation through the market is no longer adapt to the development of pre-school education programs. Public financial investment is "to build national wealth," the key factor that only rich country public financial investment in order to ensure the quality of pre-school education and ensure children's access to the service fairness. This is the disadvantages of life under a variety of children, particularly necessary.
Investment in early education is to invest in the country's future. Therefore, the development trend of the international community has put the governments role in pre-development-driven position. Developed countries not only be guaranteed funding for pre-school education, many developing countries such as Cuba, Brazil, Jordan, India, Mexico and other pre-school education each year is also rising public investment. In recent years, Russia has actively introduced a variety of new pre-school education policy that requires full "restore" structure has become more serious because of the privatization of the national pre-school education system damage, while the government increased large-scale public funding of pre-investment, even Many of the original building are out government run kindergarten.
The Programme of Action of the General Assembly in Moscow, requires States to pre-school education in public financial investment should reach 6% of the total budget. There have been many times an information desk to the central leadership, the proportion of China's investment in pre-qualifying countries in the world is on the list, only about 0.035% to the GDP, while the total investment in pre-school's public funding for education ratio is only 1.2%.
Outline of the development in the planning process, the two public comments, the pre-school education are listed among the masses and the first degree of social concern. Can be seen, the recent introduction of pre-school education policy really frequent response to public opinion. Currently there are four issues must be changed: first, inadequate investment in preschool education resource shortages, the obvious contradiction in some places difficult to park; Second, unbalanced regional development, urban-rural divide large; third is the insufficient number of teachers, the overall quality to be improved, team instability ; Fourth, high charges, is not standardized.
The good news is, the Chinese government not only clearly aware of the gap with the world, and a substantial increase in the image of a responsible investment in pre-primary education.
Children are our future judges, as they will make our evaluation.
China is the world's most populous country. Hundreds of millions of children will benefit the national pre-New Deal, and the behavior of this government to make proper historical evaluation.
